Tuesday, March 17, 2020
Our Ancestors in the 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic
Nadene Goldfoot
War and Flu Pandemic
"On 22 May 1918, the epidemic was a headline in Madrid's ABC newspaper. The infectious disease most likely reached Spain from France, perhaps as the result of the heavy railroad traffic of Spanish and Portuguese migrant workers to and from France. ..Although a great deal of evidence indicates that the 1918 A(H1N1) influenza virus unlikely originated in and spread from Spain, the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic will always be known as the Spanish flu...It is likely that >260,000 Spaniards died of influenza; 75% of these persons died during the second period of the epidemic, and 45% died during October 1918 alone. "
"The 1918 influenza pandemic was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus, with the second being the swine flu in 2009. The Spanish flu infected 500 million people around the world, or about 27% of the world population of between 1.8 and 1.9 billion." That's 3 different flu attacks.
It is estimated that about 500 million people or one-third of the world’s population became infected with this virus. The number of deaths was estimated to be at least 50 million worldwide with about 675,000 occurring in the United States. (update)
What was bad was that World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. By 1918, the world was in a flu pandemic.
My father was 6 years old and my mother was 1 year old in 1914; both living in Portland, Oregon. My father, Meshke (Morris) had an immigrant mother that didn't speak, read or write English and his father-Nathan Goldfoot, had died in an accident in 1912. My mother had an immigrant mother and Yankee American father-Frank Hugh Robinson, who did.
"From January 1918 to December 1920, 50,000,000 people died." " By October 1918, the United States had been an active participant in World War I for more than a year. And while the declared enemy was overseas, there was a killer working stateside as well. Cities were gripped with fear: school was canceled; theaters, places of worship, and other places of “public amusement” had been shuttered. That month alone 195,000 Americans died, making it the deadliest month in American history; the killer was none other than influenza."Though the pandemic lasted just 15 months, 500 million people worldwide fell sick and it killed between 3-5% of the world’s population.
The major UK troop staging and hospital camp in Étaples in France has been theorized by researchers as being at the center of the Spanish flu. The research was published in 1999 by a British team, led by virologist John Oxford. In late 1917, military pathologists reported the onset of a new disease with high mortality that they later recognized as the flu. The overcrowded camp and hospital was an ideal site for the spreading of a respiratory virus. The hospital treated thousands of victims of chemical attacks, and other casualties of war, and 100,000 soldiers passed through the camp every day. It also was home to a piggery, and poultry was regularly brought in for food supplies from surrounding villages. Oxford and his team postulated that a significant precursor virus, harbored in birds, mutated and then migrated to pigs kept near the front.
This Spanish flu pandemic resulted in a higher than expected mortality rate for young adults. A 2007 analysis of medical journals from the period of the pandemic found that the viral infection was no more aggressive than previous influenza strains. Instead, malnourishment, overcrowded medical camps and hospitals, and poor hygiene promoted bacterial superinfection. This superinfection killed most of the victims, typically after a somewhat prolonged death bed.
The pandemic mostly killed young adults. In 1918–1919, 99% of pandemic influenza deaths in the U.S. occurred in people under 65, and nearly half in young adults 20 to 40 years old. In 1920, the mortality rate among people under 65 had decreased sixfold to half the mortality rate of people over 65, but still, 92% of deaths occurred in people under 65. This is unusual, since influenza is typically most deadly to weak individuals, such as infants under age two, adults over age 70, and the immunocompromised. In 1918, older adults may have had partial protection caused by exposure to the 1889–1890 flu pandemic, known as the "Russian flu".
In 2018, it was estimated the total to be about 17 million people worldwide, though this has been contested. With a world population of 1.8 to 1.9 billion, these estimates correspond to between 1 and 6 percent of the population.
This war led to the mobilization of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatant and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the resulting 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.
Zlata came from Poland/Lithuania, and Nathan came from Lithuania. What was going on in Lithuania in 1889-1890?
In Lazdey Suwalki's summer of 1879, 200 houses burned down causing the owners to become homeless. In 1886 another fire caused 250 Jewish houses burned down again, and again in 1888 70 houses burned down. This time the old synagogue and the Beth-Midrash with all its books were destroyed, and a Jewish woman had died in the fire. Another large fire happened in 1910. All this destroyed the economic chances for the Jews who numbered 1500 in 1887. They had been using straw for roofs in the middle of the town which finally were prohibited.
Lazdey was sitting in the middle of a Jewish farm community until WWI. Many Jewish families had vegetable gardens behind their homes.
In 1915 the Germans occupied Zlata's town of Lazdijai, Suwalki that sat on the border between Poland and Lithuania. She had left sometime in 1900 as she married Nathan in Boise, Idaho in 1905 as she had been living near Council, Idaho in a little mining town. After the war by 1919, the Polish army had taken over in Lazdey but was expelled after several days. It remained inside the border of Lithuania while their district administrative center, Sejny, was included in Poland. Lithuania was independent from 1918 to 1940 with Germany's invasion in June 1941 causing the demolition of almost all the town.
The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 took place in Poland in 3 epidemic waves. The peaks of morbidity and mortality occurred in the capital, Warsaw, in December 1918 and in December 1919 to January 1920. It is estimated that throughout the pandemic period of 1918–1920 in Poland, 200 000 to 300,000 people died.
Telz remembered their years of famine from 1869 to 1872. In 1870 their population was 6,481 people including 4,399 Jews making up 68% of the town's population. By 1897 it had dropped down to 51% in a town of 6,000 with only 3,088 Jews. The 1880's had been years of persecutions and pogroms against Jews in Ukraine and other places. All were taken into the army for a 6 year period. It became the years of immigration to Palestine and the USA. The Telz Jewish hospital was established.
In the middle of the Pandemic on February 16, 1918, Lithuania had become an independent state. The German army withdrew from the area and life in Telsiai (Telz) gradually returned to normal. The Jews numbered only half of their previous number before the war, started to reconstruct their businesses and their spiritual life. The first government census was in 1923 and there were then 4,691 people in Telz, including 1,545 Jews who made up 33% of their population.
https://www.newstimes.com/local/article/Great-flu-pandemic-leaves-its-mark-on-family-4227641.php
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320355717_The_Lethal_Spanish_Influenza_Pandemic_in_Poland
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/47/5/668/296225
War and Flu Pandemic
 |
| Camp Funston's hospital unit with soldiers from Fort Riley, Kansas, one of the places in Kansas thought to have brought the virus here. |
"On 22 May 1918, the epidemic was a headline in Madrid's ABC newspaper. The infectious disease most likely reached Spain from France, perhaps as the result of the heavy railroad traffic of Spanish and Portuguese migrant workers to and from France. ..Although a great deal of evidence indicates that the 1918 A(H1N1) influenza virus unlikely originated in and spread from Spain, the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic will always be known as the Spanish flu...It is likely that >260,000 Spaniards died of influenza; 75% of these persons died during the second period of the epidemic, and 45% died during October 1918 alone. "
"The 1918 influenza pandemic was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus, with the second being the swine flu in 2009. The Spanish flu infected 500 million people around the world, or about 27% of the world population of between 1.8 and 1.9 billion." That's 3 different flu attacks.
It is estimated that about 500 million people or one-third of the world’s population became infected with this virus. The number of deaths was estimated to be at least 50 million worldwide with about 675,000 occurring in the United States. (update)
 |
| American army uniforms in WWI |
What was bad was that World War I, also known as the First World War or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. By 1918, the world was in a flu pandemic.
 |
| Charles 6 and Morris 4 Goldfoot in 1912 just before WWI They only spoke Yiddish like their mother, Zlata Goldfoot nee Jermulowske. |
My father was 6 years old and my mother was 1 year old in 1914; both living in Portland, Oregon. My father, Meshke (Morris) had an immigrant mother that didn't speak, read or write English and his father-Nathan Goldfoot, had died in an accident in 1912. My mother had an immigrant mother and Yankee American father-Frank Hugh Robinson, who did.
"From January 1918 to December 1920, 50,000,000 people died." " By October 1918, the United States had been an active participant in World War I for more than a year. And while the declared enemy was overseas, there was a killer working stateside as well. Cities were gripped with fear: school was canceled; theaters, places of worship, and other places of “public amusement” had been shuttered. That month alone 195,000 Americans died, making it the deadliest month in American history; the killer was none other than influenza."Though the pandemic lasted just 15 months, 500 million people worldwide fell sick and it killed between 3-5% of the world’s population.
The major UK troop staging and hospital camp in Étaples in France has been theorized by researchers as being at the center of the Spanish flu. The research was published in 1999 by a British team, led by virologist John Oxford. In late 1917, military pathologists reported the onset of a new disease with high mortality that they later recognized as the flu. The overcrowded camp and hospital was an ideal site for the spreading of a respiratory virus. The hospital treated thousands of victims of chemical attacks, and other casualties of war, and 100,000 soldiers passed through the camp every day. It also was home to a piggery, and poultry was regularly brought in for food supplies from surrounding villages. Oxford and his team postulated that a significant precursor virus, harbored in birds, mutated and then migrated to pigs kept near the front.
This Spanish flu pandemic resulted in a higher than expected mortality rate for young adults. A 2007 analysis of medical journals from the period of the pandemic found that the viral infection was no more aggressive than previous influenza strains. Instead, malnourishment, overcrowded medical camps and hospitals, and poor hygiene promoted bacterial superinfection. This superinfection killed most of the victims, typically after a somewhat prolonged death bed.
The pandemic mostly killed young adults. In 1918–1919, 99% of pandemic influenza deaths in the U.S. occurred in people under 65, and nearly half in young adults 20 to 40 years old. In 1920, the mortality rate among people under 65 had decreased sixfold to half the mortality rate of people over 65, but still, 92% of deaths occurred in people under 65. This is unusual, since influenza is typically most deadly to weak individuals, such as infants under age two, adults over age 70, and the immunocompromised. In 1918, older adults may have had partial protection caused by exposure to the 1889–1890 flu pandemic, known as the "Russian flu".
In 2018, it was estimated the total to be about 17 million people worldwide, though this has been contested. With a world population of 1.8 to 1.9 billion, these estimates correspond to between 1 and 6 percent of the population.
This war led to the mobilization of more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, making it one of the largest wars in history. It is also one of the deadliest conflicts in history, with an estimated nine million combatant and seven million civilian deaths as a direct result of the war, while resulting genocides and the resulting 1918 influenza pandemic caused another 50 to 100 million deaths worldwide.
Zlata came from Poland/Lithuania, and Nathan came from Lithuania. What was going on in Lithuania in 1889-1890?
In Lazdey Suwalki's summer of 1879, 200 houses burned down causing the owners to become homeless. In 1886 another fire caused 250 Jewish houses burned down again, and again in 1888 70 houses burned down. This time the old synagogue and the Beth-Midrash with all its books were destroyed, and a Jewish woman had died in the fire. Another large fire happened in 1910. All this destroyed the economic chances for the Jews who numbered 1500 in 1887. They had been using straw for roofs in the middle of the town which finally were prohibited.
Lazdey was sitting in the middle of a Jewish farm community until WWI. Many Jewish families had vegetable gardens behind their homes.
 |
| WWI German Uniforms |
In 1915 the Germans occupied Zlata's town of Lazdijai, Suwalki that sat on the border between Poland and Lithuania. She had left sometime in 1900 as she married Nathan in Boise, Idaho in 1905 as she had been living near Council, Idaho in a little mining town. After the war by 1919, the Polish army had taken over in Lazdey but was expelled after several days. It remained inside the border of Lithuania while their district administrative center, Sejny, was included in Poland. Lithuania was independent from 1918 to 1940 with Germany's invasion in June 1941 causing the demolition of almost all the town.
The “Spanish” influenza pandemic of 1918–1920 took place in Poland in 3 epidemic waves. The peaks of morbidity and mortality occurred in the capital, Warsaw, in December 1918 and in December 1919 to January 1920. It is estimated that throughout the pandemic period of 1918–1920 in Poland, 200 000 to 300,000 people died.
Telz remembered their years of famine from 1869 to 1872. In 1870 their population was 6,481 people including 4,399 Jews making up 68% of the town's population. By 1897 it had dropped down to 51% in a town of 6,000 with only 3,088 Jews. The 1880's had been years of persecutions and pogroms against Jews in Ukraine and other places. All were taken into the army for a 6 year period. It became the years of immigration to Palestine and the USA. The Telz Jewish hospital was established.
In the middle of the Pandemic on February 16, 1918, Lithuania had become an independent state. The German army withdrew from the area and life in Telsiai (Telz) gradually returned to normal. The Jews numbered only half of their previous number before the war, started to reconstruct their businesses and their spiritual life. The first government census was in 1923 and there were then 4,691 people in Telz, including 1,545 Jews who made up 33% of their population.
Pneumonia, an ailment caused by bacteria, and influenza, a viral illness, went hand-in-hand in 1918.Researchers with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases found the majority of deaths during the Great Pandemic were not caused by the influenza virus alone. Instead, they found most victims died from pneumonia after getting the flu. The influenza virus of those years destroyed the cells lining the bronchial tubes and in the lungs. The pneumonia bacteria flourished in that damaged tissue.
Resource:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_flu
https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html (update)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_Ihttps://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html (update)
https://www.newstimes.com/local/article/Great-flu-pandemic-leaves-its-mark-on-family-4227641.php
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320355717_The_Lethal_Spanish_Influenza_Pandemic_in_Poland
https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/47/5/668/296225
Labels: 1918 Pandemic, deaths, France, Lazdijai, Lithuanian independence, Pneumonia, Spain, Spanish Flu, Telz, WWI
Wednesday, September 18, 2019
Alpert/Ziegelman-Goldfoot Genealogy From Rabbis of Worms, Germany, Troyes and Dampierre, France
Andi Ziegelman
Nadene Goldfoot
Ashkenazis of today are now found through DNA testing to have come from 350 Jews who lived 600 to 800 years ago. That takes us back between 1214 and 1414. There was a bottleneck that caused the European population to be down to such a low number.
My Goldfoot line descended from Halpern/Alpert ancestors, many who lived in Worms, Germany. From Rabbi Wertheimer to Rashi to King David, our genes traveled back to the Kingdom of Judah.
Though Goldfoot is of Q1b1a haplotype, we have intermarried with Jews of their haplogroups, such as the Cohen line of J1c3d and E1s and a few others common in European Jews. The Familyfinder test from FTDNA is an autosomal DNA test that matches chromosomes, and this led to the finding of being connected to the Rabbi of Worms; actually several of the rabbis living there, who were connected to RASHI.
Below is the work from our Halpern leader through Family Tree DNA, Andi Ziegelman who said, "We both descend from this guy below." Andi Ziegelman.
*** ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN of Dampierre ***
French tosafist and Biblical commentator: flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according to Gratz ("Gesch." vi.210),
about 1200; according to Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 161, and "R.E.J."vii.76),
between 1185 and 1195; and as he is known to have reached an advanced age, Gross supposes that he was not born later than 1115.
On the other hand, Michael ("Or ha-Hayyim," p. 512) says that as Isaac b.Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," 55
131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b.59b), a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son, Elhanan (1184).
On his father's side Isaac was a grandson of R. Simhah of Vitry, author of the Hahzor Vitry; on his mother's side he was a nephew of R. Tam of RAshbam, and of Isaac b. Meir (RiBaM), a great-grandson of Rashi, and a relative of R. Eleazar of Worms.
The Rabbi of Worms was Eleazar Ben Judah (1160-1238), a native of Mainz, Germany and from 1201, he was rabbi at Worms, Germany. His wife and 2 daughters were slaughtered by Crusaders before his eyes in 1196. His works made the Ashkenazi theory of practical kabbalah popular which stressed the doctrine of repentance. His ethical teachings were embodied in his code, Sepher ha-Rokeah (The Book of the Spice Dealer). Then he was known as Eleazar Rokeah.
Isaac ben Samuel was surnamed "ha-Zaken" (the elder) to distinguish him from another tosafist of the same name, Isaac b. Abraham, surnamed "ha-Bahur" (the younger). He is often quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot, "Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; "Shibbole ha-Leket" ii., No. 40,
It seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 162; "Maimuniyyot,"l.c.). It was also at Ramerupt that he studied under his Uncle R. Tam (Luria, Responsa, No.29). After the latter had gone to Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel directed his school.
The village of Ramerupt is a small village located north east of France. The town of Ramerupt is located in the department of Aube of the french region Champagne-Ardenne. The town of Ramerupt is located in the township of Ramerupt part of the district of Troyes.
Isaac settled in Dampierre later, and founded there a flourishing and well-attended school ("Or Zarua", i.126). It is said that he had sixty pupils, each of whom, besides being generally well grounded in Talmud, knew an entire treatise by heart, so that the whole Talmud was stored in the memories of his pupils (Menahem, "Zedah la-Derek," Introduction). As he lived under Philip Augustus, at whose hands the Jews suffered uch, Isaac prohibited the buying of confiscated Jewish property, and ordered that any so bought be restored to its original owner.
A particular interest attaches to one of his responsa, in which he relies on the oral testimony of his aunt, the wife of R. Isaac b. Meir, and on that of the wife of R. Eleazar of Worms, a great-granddaughter of Rashi ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 167.a).
Isaac's tosafot completed the commentary of Rashi on the Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud, Isaac ben Samiuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first collection was entitled "Tosefot Yeshanim," which, however, was afterward revised and developed. He is quoted on almost every page of the Tosafot, and in various works, especially in the "Sefer ha-Terumah" of his pupil Bariuch b. Isaac of Worms, and in the "Or Zarua" of Isaac b. Moses.
Isaac is mentioned as a Biblical commentator by Judah b. Eliezer ("Minhat Yehudah," p. 8b), who quotes also a work of Isaac's entitled "Yalkute Midrash" (ib. p. 22a); by Isaac ha-Levi; by Hezekiah b. Manoah in his "Hazzekuni"; and in two other commentaries (see "Kerem Hemed," vii.68). Isaac b. Samuel is supposed to be the author also of several liturgical poems, of a piyyut to the Haftarah (Landshuth, "ammude ha-'Abodah," p. 108, and of a piyyut for Purim (Mahzor Vitry, No. 255; comp. Luzzatto in Berliner's "Magazin," v. 27, Hebr.part). The authorship of these piyyutim may, however, belong to the liturgical writer, Isaac b. Samuel of Narbonne.
From the New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, I find that Isaac, also known as Rabbi Isaac ha-Zaken, who was born before 1115 and died after 1184 was a French tosaphist. He succeeded his uncle, Rabbenu Tam, as head of the Ramerupt Yeshivah and later settled at Dampierre. His tosaphot (critical and explanatory notes on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th to 14th centuries) are quoted by his pupils, while his responsa are scattered through many contemporary works.
His commentary on the Pentateuch has not survived. The tosaphots were initially supplementary to Rashi's Talmud commentary, which they frequently criticize and modify. The tosaphists soon developed a new independent mode of Talmud study. They also investigated in detail the form and content of the talmudic discussions and demonstrated that these too contained implicitly a considerable body of law which they proceeded to render explicit.
Isaac was interested in mysticism and was in touch with the Kabbalists of southern France. His scholarly son, Ethanan, was martyred in his lifetime and died in 1184.
From Andi: See below all the rabbis that studied under R. Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre, in Isaac's school.
I don't have time now to check, but if I remember correctly, all these students of Isaac's went on to lead synagogues in their home towns of France. Each synagogue had to have nine more men in addition to the rabbi. At the time these students lived, there were also Jews in Germany and Italy and a few in Poland.
"The bottleneck was in this case in the interval 950-1250 AD. The size of the Ashkenazi population dropped to some 350 people. "
"The second admixture occurred according to [1] in Eastern Europe 10-20 generations ago. That gives the time span 1400-1700 AD. No mass conversions to Judaism are known from early Jewish communities in Eastern Europe."
"According to the estimates for 2007 of the Jewish People Policy Planning Institute, the world population of Jews is 13.2 million.[1] Adherents.com cites figures ranging from 12 to 18 million Jews.[2] These statistics incorporate both practicing Jews affiliated with synagogues and the Jewish community, and approximately 4.5 million unaffiliated and secular Jews. In 2007, 41% of the world’s Jews were living in Israel." We are 0.02% of the world population.
Have you ever read the entries in the online JewishEncyclopedia for FRANCE, GERMANY, ITALY, POLAND? They are very informative.
Best, Andi.
Search for "Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre" by:
1. SAMUEL BEN JOSEPH OF VERDUN...French tosafist of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, with whom he corresponded, and is mentioned in the Tosafot, in "Or Zarua," and in ...Haggahot Maimuniyyot" as "ha-bahur" (the Yunger). He is sometimes confounded with Samuel ben Hayyim, likewise cited as "Samuel of Verdun." Bibliography:
2. DAMPIERRE...debtor the seigneurs of Dampierre and the abbey of Saint-Loup of Troyes.Rabbis:
(1) Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, abbreviated, surnamed "the Saint".
(5) Isaac ha Laban ben Jacob..Brussel,... the Middle Ages there was a somewhat important Jewish community in this village. King Philippe-Auguste, after an agreement with the Countess of Champagne, and Gui.Seigneur of Dampierre in 1206 ordered the Jews...
3. SOLOMON BEN JUDAH OF DREUX...French tosafist and Bible commentator of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, and presided over the school of Dreux during the 1st quarter of...who corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre; was most probably a son of the subject of this article. Bibliography.
4. DAVID THE PIOUS...him with R. David ben Joseph, who, with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Isaac ben DAvid, and Joseph ben Moses, adopted the decisions of the synod of Troyes which had met about 1160 under the auspices of Rabbenu...Together with Solomon ben Judah the Saint of Dreux, the two brothers Simson and Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Samson of Corbeil, Abraham of Touques, and Eliezser be Aaron of Burgundy, he was among those scholars of...Tam.Samuell of Falaise (Sir Morel) probably referred to David the Pious when he spoke of as being a contemporary of Sir Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives"vii.47....
5. NATHANAEL OF CHINON...French tosafist: flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director of the yshibah in Chinon and was in correspondence with the most famous and...learned of his contemporaries, including Samuel ben Sheneor of Evreux, Isaac of Evreux (author of "Sha'are Dura"), Jehiel of Paris and Isaac ben Todros. The last, in answer to Nathanael of Chinon's reuest for his...opinion concerning a question at issue between himself and Jehiel, wrote that he dared not speak in the presence of the "pillars of the world." Nathanael wrote tosafot to the treatises Bezah, Hullin, Berakot, and...
6. ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF VERONA...Italian tosafist, lived about the beginning of the 13th century. He was a disciple of Rabbi Isaac the elder, of Dampierre, and grandfather of the philosopher and physician HILLEL OF FORLI. He had...resulted, into which other rabbis were drawn, Eliezer ben Samuel is often quoted on Biblical and halakic questions. Mordecai, in speaking of Eliezer, calls him "Eliezer of Verdun," though undoubtedly meaning "Verona...sanctioned the second marriage of a young woman whose husband had probably, though not certainly, perished by shipwreck. But Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi refused to endorse the permission, and a protracted controversy....
7. ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN...says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master", a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son...quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, NO.5; "Shibbole ha-Leket"ii,No.40), but it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar,"p...a Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first...
8.ABRAHAM OF TROYES... incident. Eleazar ha-Nadib (the word nadib denotes a Jewish Maecenas), against whom he had brought an action, demurred to appearing before the rabbinical court at Troyes; and being supported by Isaac ben Samuel...of Dampierre, had his ase referred to another tribunal (ross, "Gallia Judaica," pp. 165, 239). Yom Tob ha-Nadib, the son of Eleazar, being placed in a similar position, also refused to be judged at Troyes, and...was sustained in his contention by Judah Sire Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives," vii.42(. At the same time, Simson ben Abraham of Sens took the part of the son-in-law of Simson of Troyes, who, being afraid of the...
9. JONATHAN BEN DAVID HA-KOHEN OF LUNEL...went with Tobiah and Samuel ben Simson; he corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, who had sent him a Talmudic responsum on a subject concerning the Holy Land.
10.BARUCH B. ISAAC (ha Kohen?)... Isaac b. Samuel of Dapierre, Baruch wrote tosafot to several treatises (e.g., Kiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Hullin): nearly all those extant on the order Zebahim are his A. Epstein believes that the ...tosafist and codifier; flourished about 1200. He was born at Worms, but lived at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the other city. A pupil of the great Tosafist...commentary on the Sifra contained in the Munich MS. No.59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author also of the legal compendium, "Sefer ha-Terumah" (book of the Heave-Offering, Venice 1523; Zolkiev, 1811...
11. JUDAH BEN ISAAC...French tosafist, born in Paris 1166, died there 1224 (Solomon Luria, Responsa,No.29). According to Gross he was probably a descendant of Rashi, and a pupil of Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre and his son...associated with Abraham, occurs the name of Leo blund, whom Jacobs identifies with Judah ben Isaac (ib.p.88; comp. Bacher, in "J.Q.R."vi.360). Sir Leon must have left Paris in 1182...when all Jews were expelled from the French king's dominions; he did not return till 1198. According to Gross, however, he received his chief training at Dampierre under Simson of Sens, Simson of Coucy, Solomon of...
12. SAMSON BEN ABRAHAM OF SENS...School of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaaen of Dampierre, after whose death he took charge of the school of Sens. Asheri says of him that after R. Tam and Isaac ben Samuel, he exercised the greatest influence upon....the Younger to distinguish him from his t eacher, Isaac the Elder (Isaac ben Samuel), whom he succeeded as principal of the school of Dampierre; is also onae of the prominent toafists. He wrote, too, some....Talmudic studies in France and in Germany during the 13th century. Joseph Colon declares that Isaac ben Samiuel, Judah Sir Leon of Paris, and Samson ben Abraham formed the three strong pillars of the northern...
13. SAMSON BEN SAMSON ....Museum.) Samson was a disciple of Isaac "ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre and one of the prominent rabbis to whom Meir ben Todros Abulafia addressed his letter of protest against Maimonides...
Isaac ben Moses of Vienna, with whom Samson corresponded, was one of his pupils. Many of Samson's ritual deisions are mentioned in the rabbinical works "Or Zarua"," "SeMaG," "Orhot Hayyim," and "PIske Rekantati...commentator. Samson was a descendant of Joseph b. Samuel Bonfils, a nephew of the tosafist Judah of Corbeil, and a brother-in-law of Moses of Concy, who in "SeMaG" often quotes him. In the glosses of Perez on "SeMaG....
14. TOUL...mentioned R. Eliezer of Toul, the author of tosafot; and his brothe Abraham, a pupil of Rabbi Isaac the Elder of Damierre and identical, according to Gross, with Abraham of V12p211002.jpg.
15. CHATEAU-THIERRY...ALSO ASCRIBED TO HIM (zUNZ, "z.g."P.38). ZUNZ (l.c.) says that Samuel was the son of R. Yom-Tob of Evreux and the disciple of R. Isaac b. Abraham of Dampieerre. Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 39) on the ...contrary, identifies him with R. Samuel ben Shneor, the correspondent of R. Jehiel of Paris, and Nathaniel, the Elder, of Chinon. R. Isaac and his son Bonne Vie are two scholars of this place only known through...the Pious, one of the celebrated French rabbis to whom R. Meir ben Todros Abuilafia of Toledo addressed, about 1204, his letter against the theory of the resurrection as propounded by Maimonides. Samuel of...
16. ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...abraham-ben-david-of-posuieres
His regular rabbinical studies, however, were pursued at Dampierre, in northern France, at the academy of R. Isaac ben Samuel, called R....epistolary conclusion: Shalom! A.B.N." (Greeting! Abraham ben Nathan). The 2nd part contains extracts from the halakic works of Alfasi, Isaac ibn Giat, and Isaac ben Abba Mari, a relative of Abraham's. The...French author, born in the 2nd half of the 12th century, probably at Luinei, Languedoc. He received his education in that town, after which he is sometimes called ("RABN"=RABBI ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...
17. TOSAFOT...
It is the critical and explanatory note on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th-14th centuries, first meant to be supplements to Rashi's Talmud commentary. What is the Talmud? We have 2 of them; the Babylonian version and the Palestinian version. They are the records of academic discussion and of judicial administration of JEWISH LAW.
Samuel ha-Zaen (RI) of Dampierre, whose tosafot form a part of the Tosafot Yshanim (see below). Isaac was succeeded by his pupil ben-abraham-of-sens" Samson ben...No.6). After the death of Isaac ben Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre, after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua", i.225a). Isaac ben Abraham was oneof the...tosafot (for example, those to Kiddushin by Isaac b. Samuel ha-Zaken of Dampierre, and those to 'Abodah Zarah by his son, Elhanan b. Isaac); (3) a collection of old tosafot published by Joseph Jessel b. Wolf ha-Levi...
Interestingly, the Crusaders have a story as well about Guy de Dampierre and a damsel named Rebecca. Could it be that a Crusader fell in love with a Jewish maiden? It's a Scottish tale. She is the image of Elizabeth Taylor, who did convert to Judaism, by the way. It's the story of IVANHOE: Loyal British knight Wilfred of Ivanhoe (Robert Taylor) sets out on a mission to free the kidnapped King of England, Richard the Lionheart (Norman Wooland), in this rousing adventure tale. The brave Ivanhoe must eventually confront the devious Prince John (Guy Rolfe) and the fierce Norman warrior Brian de Bois-Guilbert (George Sanders), while also juggling the affections of the beautiful maidens Rowena (Joan Fontaine) and Rebecca (Elizabeth Taylor).
Bibliography:
Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.;
Michael, Or haHayyim, pp. 511-513;
Qwiaa, Soe, ic.286, 342, 349;
Gratz, Gesch. 3d ed., vi. 210, 211, 214;
Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 161- 168, 638
idem, in R.E.J.vii. 76;
Neubauer, ib. xvii.67
Resource:
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2014/10/goldfoot-genealogy-from-rabbis-of-worms.html
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2015/08/unusual-connecting-to-wertheimer-family.html
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/02/17/origins-of-the-ashkenazi-jews/
Nadene Goldfoot
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| Chateau at Dampierre, France |
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| King David 1010-970 BCE |
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| RASHi 1040-1105 |
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| Rabbi Wertheimer 1658-1724 |
Though Goldfoot is of Q1b1a haplotype, we have intermarried with Jews of their haplogroups, such as the Cohen line of J1c3d and E1s and a few others common in European Jews. The Familyfinder test from FTDNA is an autosomal DNA test that matches chromosomes, and this led to the finding of being connected to the Rabbi of Worms; actually several of the rabbis living there, who were connected to RASHI.
Below is the work from our Halpern leader through Family Tree DNA, Andi Ziegelman who said, "We both descend from this guy below." Andi Ziegelman.
*** ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN of Dampierre ***
French tosafist and Biblical commentator: flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according to Gratz ("Gesch." vi.210),
about 1200; according to Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 161, and "R.E.J."vii.76),
between 1185 and 1195; and as he is known to have reached an advanced age, Gross supposes that he was not born later than 1115.
On the other hand, Michael ("Or ha-Hayyim," p. 512) says that as Isaac b.Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," 55
131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b.59b), a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son, Elhanan (1184).
On his father's side Isaac was a grandson of R. Simhah of Vitry, author of the Hahzor Vitry; on his mother's side he was a nephew of R. Tam of RAshbam, and of Isaac b. Meir (RiBaM), a great-grandson of Rashi, and a relative of R. Eleazar of Worms.
The Rabbi of Worms was Eleazar Ben Judah (1160-1238), a native of Mainz, Germany and from 1201, he was rabbi at Worms, Germany. His wife and 2 daughters were slaughtered by Crusaders before his eyes in 1196. His works made the Ashkenazi theory of practical kabbalah popular which stressed the doctrine of repentance. His ethical teachings were embodied in his code, Sepher ha-Rokeah (The Book of the Spice Dealer). Then he was known as Eleazar Rokeah.
Isaac ben Samuel was surnamed "ha-Zaken" (the elder) to distinguish him from another tosafist of the same name, Isaac b. Abraham, surnamed "ha-Bahur" (the younger). He is often quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot, "Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; "Shibbole ha-Leket" ii., No. 40,
It seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 162; "Maimuniyyot,"l.c.). It was also at Ramerupt that he studied under his Uncle R. Tam (Luria, Responsa, No.29). After the latter had gone to Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel directed his school.
The village of Ramerupt is a small village located north east of France. The town of Ramerupt is located in the department of Aube of the french region Champagne-Ardenne. The town of Ramerupt is located in the township of Ramerupt part of the district of Troyes.
Isaac settled in Dampierre later, and founded there a flourishing and well-attended school ("Or Zarua", i.126). It is said that he had sixty pupils, each of whom, besides being generally well grounded in Talmud, knew an entire treatise by heart, so that the whole Talmud was stored in the memories of his pupils (Menahem, "Zedah la-Derek," Introduction). As he lived under Philip Augustus, at whose hands the Jews suffered uch, Isaac prohibited the buying of confiscated Jewish property, and ordered that any so bought be restored to its original owner.
A particular interest attaches to one of his responsa, in which he relies on the oral testimony of his aunt, the wife of R. Isaac b. Meir, and on that of the wife of R. Eleazar of Worms, a great-granddaughter of Rashi ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 167.a).
Isaac's tosafot completed the commentary of Rashi on the Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud, Isaac ben Samiuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first collection was entitled "Tosefot Yeshanim," which, however, was afterward revised and developed. He is quoted on almost every page of the Tosafot, and in various works, especially in the "Sefer ha-Terumah" of his pupil Bariuch b. Isaac of Worms, and in the "Or Zarua" of Isaac b. Moses.
Isaac is mentioned as a Biblical commentator by Judah b. Eliezer ("Minhat Yehudah," p. 8b), who quotes also a work of Isaac's entitled "Yalkute Midrash" (ib. p. 22a); by Isaac ha-Levi; by Hezekiah b. Manoah in his "Hazzekuni"; and in two other commentaries (see "Kerem Hemed," vii.68). Isaac b. Samuel is supposed to be the author also of several liturgical poems, of a piyyut to the Haftarah (Landshuth, "ammude ha-'Abodah," p. 108, and of a piyyut for Purim (Mahzor Vitry, No. 255; comp. Luzzatto in Berliner's "Magazin," v. 27, Hebr.part). The authorship of these piyyutim may, however, belong to the liturgical writer, Isaac b. Samuel of Narbonne.
From the New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, I find that Isaac, also known as Rabbi Isaac ha-Zaken, who was born before 1115 and died after 1184 was a French tosaphist. He succeeded his uncle, Rabbenu Tam, as head of the Ramerupt Yeshivah and later settled at Dampierre. His tosaphot (critical and explanatory notes on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th to 14th centuries) are quoted by his pupils, while his responsa are scattered through many contemporary works.
His commentary on the Pentateuch has not survived. The tosaphots were initially supplementary to Rashi's Talmud commentary, which they frequently criticize and modify. The tosaphists soon developed a new independent mode of Talmud study. They also investigated in detail the form and content of the talmudic discussions and demonstrated that these too contained implicitly a considerable body of law which they proceeded to render explicit.
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| Crusaders went through Europe killing Jews while on the way to Jerusalem |
Isaac was interested in mysticism and was in touch with the Kabbalists of southern France. His scholarly son, Ethanan, was martyred in his lifetime and died in 1184.
From Andi: See below all the rabbis that studied under R. Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre, in Isaac's school.
I don't have time now to check, but if I remember correctly, all these students of Isaac's went on to lead synagogues in their home towns of France. Each synagogue had to have nine more men in addition to the rabbi. At the time these students lived, there were also Jews in Germany and Italy and a few in Poland.
Our Halpern ancestors wrote (I don't know where - in their books I guess) that because life was so hard from 1200 -1500, they didn't have a family tree for that period.
So maybe in the 1100s there were more Jews in Europe than in the 1400s. I don't know."The bottleneck was in this case in the interval 950-1250 AD. The size of the Ashkenazi population dropped to some 350 people. "
"The second admixture occurred according to [1] in Eastern Europe 10-20 generations ago. That gives the time span 1400-1700 AD. No mass conversions to Judaism are known from early Jewish communities in Eastern Europe."
"According to the estimates for 2007 of the Jewish People Policy Planning Institute, the world population of Jews is 13.2 million.[1] Adherents.com cites figures ranging from 12 to 18 million Jews.[2] These statistics incorporate both practicing Jews affiliated with synagogues and the Jewish community, and approximately 4.5 million unaffiliated and secular Jews. In 2007, 41% of the world’s Jews were living in Israel." We are 0.02% of the world population.
Have you ever read the entries in the online JewishEncyclopedia for FRANCE, GERMANY, ITALY, POLAND? They are very informative.
Best, Andi.
Search for "Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre" by:
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| RASHI (1040-1105) (SOLOMON BAR ISAAC) born in Troyes, France studied in the Rhineland. He was at Worms for a time, his first teacher being Jacob b. Yakar, of whom he speaks with great veneration. After Jacob's death his place was successively filled by Isaac ben Eleazar ha Levi, or Segan Lewiyah, and by...name of Yarhi, applied to him as early as the 16th century, originated in a confusion of Solomon bar Isaac with one Solomon de Luinel, and a further error caused the town of Lunel to be regarded as Rashi's....Rashi's relative, Isaac b. Judah, the head of the school of Mayence, a school rendered illustrious through R. Gershom b. Judah (the "Light of the Exile), who may be regarded as Rashi's precursor, although he was..... |
2. DAMPIERRE...debtor the seigneurs of Dampierre and the abbey of Saint-Loup of Troyes.Rabbis:
(1) Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, abbreviated, surnamed "the Saint".
(5) Isaac ha Laban ben Jacob..Brussel,... the Middle Ages there was a somewhat important Jewish community in this village. King Philippe-Auguste, after an agreement with the Countess of Champagne, and Gui.Seigneur of Dampierre in 1206 ordered the Jews...
3. SOLOMON BEN JUDAH OF DREUX...French tosafist and Bible commentator of the 12th and 13th centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, and presided over the school of Dreux during the 1st quarter of...who corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre; was most probably a son of the subject of this article. Bibliography.
4. DAVID THE PIOUS...him with R. David ben Joseph, who, with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Isaac ben DAvid, and Joseph ben Moses, adopted the decisions of the synod of Troyes which had met about 1160 under the auspices of Rabbenu...Together with Solomon ben Judah the Saint of Dreux, the two brothers Simson and Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Samson of Corbeil, Abraham of Touques, and Eliezser be Aaron of Burgundy, he was among those scholars of...Tam.Samuell of Falaise (Sir Morel) probably referred to David the Pious when he spoke of as being a contemporary of Sir Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives"vii.47....
5. NATHANAEL OF CHINON...French tosafist: flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director of the yshibah in Chinon and was in correspondence with the most famous and...learned of his contemporaries, including Samuel ben Sheneor of Evreux, Isaac of Evreux (author of "Sha'are Dura"), Jehiel of Paris and Isaac ben Todros. The last, in answer to Nathanael of Chinon's reuest for his...opinion concerning a question at issue between himself and Jehiel, wrote that he dared not speak in the presence of the "pillars of the world." Nathanael wrote tosafot to the treatises Bezah, Hullin, Berakot, and...
6. ELIEZER BEN SAMUEL OF VERONA...Italian tosafist, lived about the beginning of the 13th century. He was a disciple of Rabbi Isaac the elder, of Dampierre, and grandfather of the philosopher and physician HILLEL OF FORLI. He had...resulted, into which other rabbis were drawn, Eliezer ben Samuel is often quoted on Biblical and halakic questions. Mordecai, in speaking of Eliezer, calls him "Eliezer of Verdun," though undoubtedly meaning "Verona...sanctioned the second marriage of a young woman whose husband had probably, though not certainly, perished by shipwreck. But Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi refused to endorse the permission, and a protracted controversy....
7. ISAAC BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAKEN...says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as "the sainted master", a term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son...quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, NO.5; "Shibbole ha-Leket"ii,No.40), but it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar,"p...a Talmud (Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot on Kiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first...
8.ABRAHAM OF TROYES... incident. Eleazar ha-Nadib (the word nadib denotes a Jewish Maecenas), against whom he had brought an action, demurred to appearing before the rabbinical court at Troyes; and being supported by Isaac ben Samuel...of Dampierre, had his ase referred to another tribunal (ross, "Gallia Judaica," pp. 165, 239). Yom Tob ha-Nadib, the son of Eleazar, being placed in a similar position, also refused to be judged at Troyes, and...was sustained in his contention by Judah Sire Leon of Paris ("Rev. Et.Juives," vii.42(. At the same time, Simson ben Abraham of Sens took the part of the son-in-law of Simson of Troyes, who, being afraid of the...
9. JONATHAN BEN DAVID HA-KOHEN OF LUNEL...went with Tobiah and Samuel ben Simson; he corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, who had sent him a Talmudic responsum on a subject concerning the Holy Land.
10.BARUCH B. ISAAC (ha Kohen?)... Isaac b. Samuel of Dapierre, Baruch wrote tosafot to several treatises (e.g., Kiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Hullin): nearly all those extant on the order Zebahim are his A. Epstein believes that the ...tosafist and codifier; flourished about 1200. He was born at Worms, but lived at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the other city. A pupil of the great Tosafist...commentary on the Sifra contained in the Munich MS. No.59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author also of the legal compendium, "Sefer ha-Terumah" (book of the Heave-Offering, Venice 1523; Zolkiev, 1811...
11. JUDAH BEN ISAAC...French tosafist, born in Paris 1166, died there 1224 (Solomon Luria, Responsa,No.29). According to Gross he was probably a descendant of Rashi, and a pupil of Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre and his son...associated with Abraham, occurs the name of Leo blund, whom Jacobs identifies with Judah ben Isaac (ib.p.88; comp. Bacher, in "J.Q.R."vi.360). Sir Leon must have left Paris in 1182...when all Jews were expelled from the French king's dominions; he did not return till 1198. According to Gross, however, he received his chief training at Dampierre under Simson of Sens, Simson of Coucy, Solomon of...
12. SAMSON BEN ABRAHAM OF SENS...School of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaaen of Dampierre, after whose death he took charge of the school of Sens. Asheri says of him that after R. Tam and Isaac ben Samuel, he exercised the greatest influence upon....the Younger to distinguish him from his t eacher, Isaac the Elder (Isaac ben Samuel), whom he succeeded as principal of the school of Dampierre; is also onae of the prominent toafists. He wrote, too, some....Talmudic studies in France and in Germany during the 13th century. Joseph Colon declares that Isaac ben Samiuel, Judah Sir Leon of Paris, and Samson ben Abraham formed the three strong pillars of the northern...
13. SAMSON BEN SAMSON ....Museum.) Samson was a disciple of Isaac "ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre and one of the prominent rabbis to whom Meir ben Todros Abulafia addressed his letter of protest against Maimonides...
Isaac ben Moses of Vienna, with whom Samson corresponded, was one of his pupils. Many of Samson's ritual deisions are mentioned in the rabbinical works "Or Zarua"," "SeMaG," "Orhot Hayyim," and "PIske Rekantati...commentator. Samson was a descendant of Joseph b. Samuel Bonfils, a nephew of the tosafist Judah of Corbeil, and a brother-in-law of Moses of Concy, who in "SeMaG" often quotes him. In the glosses of Perez on "SeMaG....
14. TOUL...mentioned R. Eliezer of Toul, the author of tosafot; and his brothe Abraham, a pupil of Rabbi Isaac the Elder of Damierre and identical, according to Gross, with Abraham of V12p211002.jpg.
15. CHATEAU-THIERRY...ALSO ASCRIBED TO HIM (zUNZ, "z.g."P.38). ZUNZ (l.c.) says that Samuel was the son of R. Yom-Tob of Evreux and the disciple of R. Isaac b. Abraham of Dampieerre. Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 39) on the ...contrary, identifies him with R. Samuel ben Shneor, the correspondent of R. Jehiel of Paris, and Nathaniel, the Elder, of Chinon. R. Isaac and his son Bonne Vie are two scholars of this place only known through...the Pious, one of the celebrated French rabbis to whom R. Meir ben Todros Abuilafia of Toledo addressed, about 1204, his letter against the theory of the resurrection as propounded by Maimonides. Samuel of...
16. ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...abraham-ben-david-of-posuieres
His regular rabbinical studies, however, were pursued at Dampierre, in northern France, at the academy of R. Isaac ben Samuel, called R....epistolary conclusion: Shalom! A.B.N." (Greeting! Abraham ben Nathan). The 2nd part contains extracts from the halakic works of Alfasi, Isaac ibn Giat, and Isaac ben Abba Mari, a relative of Abraham's. The...French author, born in the 2nd half of the 12th century, probably at Luinei, Languedoc. He received his education in that town, after which he is sometimes called ("RABN"=RABBI ABRAHAM BEN NATHAN...
17. TOSAFOT...
It is the critical and explanatory note on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th-14th centuries, first meant to be supplements to Rashi's Talmud commentary. What is the Talmud? We have 2 of them; the Babylonian version and the Palestinian version. They are the records of academic discussion and of judicial administration of JEWISH LAW.
Samuel ha-Zaen (RI) of Dampierre, whose tosafot form a part of the Tosafot Yshanim (see below). Isaac was succeeded by his pupil ben-abraham-of-sens" Samson ben...No.6). After the death of Isaac ben Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre, after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua", i.225a). Isaac ben Abraham was oneof the...tosafot (for example, those to Kiddushin by Isaac b. Samuel ha-Zaken of Dampierre, and those to 'Abodah Zarah by his son, Elhanan b. Isaac); (3) a collection of old tosafot published by Joseph Jessel b. Wolf ha-Levi...
Interestingly, the Crusaders have a story as well about Guy de Dampierre and a damsel named Rebecca. Could it be that a Crusader fell in love with a Jewish maiden? It's a Scottish tale. She is the image of Elizabeth Taylor, who did convert to Judaism, by the way. It's the story of IVANHOE: Loyal British knight Wilfred of Ivanhoe (Robert Taylor) sets out on a mission to free the kidnapped King of England, Richard the Lionheart (Norman Wooland), in this rousing adventure tale. The brave Ivanhoe must eventually confront the devious Prince John (Guy Rolfe) and the fierce Norman warrior Brian de Bois-Guilbert (George Sanders), while also juggling the affections of the beautiful maidens Rowena (Joan Fontaine) and Rebecca (Elizabeth Taylor).
Bibliography:
Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.;
Michael, Or haHayyim, pp. 511-513;
Qwiaa, Soe, ic.286, 342, 349;
Gratz, Gesch. 3d ed., vi. 210, 211, 214;
Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 161- 168, 638
idem, in R.E.J.vii. 76;
Neubauer, ib. xvii.67
Resource:
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2014/10/goldfoot-genealogy-from-rabbis-of-worms.html
https://goldfoot_genealogy.blogspot.com/2015/08/unusual-connecting-to-wertheimer-family.html
http://www.pienisalaliittotutkimus.com/2018/02/17/origins-of-the-ashkenazi-jews/
Labels: Ashkenazis, Crusaders, Dampierre, France, genealogy, Isaac ben Samuel Ha-Zaken, King David, Rabbi Wertheimer, Rabbis, Rashi, Troyes
Tuesday, October 28, 2014
Goldfoot Genealogy From Rabbis of Worms, Germany, Troyes and Dampierre, France
Andi Ziegelman
Nadene Goldfoot
Chateau at Dampierre, France
Ashkenazis of today are now found through DNA testing to have come from 350 Jews who lived 600 to 800 years ago. That takes us back between 1214 and 1414. There was a bottleneck that caused the European population to be down to such a low number. My Goldfoot line descended from Halpern ancestors, many who lived in Worms, Germany. From Rabbi Werthheimer to Rashi to King David, our genes traveled back to Judah. Though Goldfoot is of Q1b1a haplotype, we have intermarried with Jews of other haplogroups, such as the Cohen line of J1c3d and E1's and a few others common in European Jews. The Familyfinder test from FTDNA is an autosomal DNA test that matches chromosomes, and this led to the finding of being connected to the Rabbi of Worms, actually several of the rabbis living there, who were connected to RASHI.
Below is the work from our Halpern leader through Family Tree DNA, Andi Ziegelman who said,
"We both descend from this guy below." :: Andi Ziegelman.
ISAAC BEN
SAMUEL HA-ZAḲEN of Dampierre:
French tosafist and Biblical commentator; flourished at Ramerupt
and Dampierre in the twelfth century. He died, according to Grätz ("Gesch." vi.
210), about 1200; according to Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 161, and "R. E. J."
vii. 76), between 1185 and 1195; and as he is known to have reached an advanced
age, Gross supposes that he was not born later than 1115. On the other hand,
Michael ("Or ha-Ḥayyim," p. 512) says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as
"the sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," §§ 131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b, 59b), a
term generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his
son Elhanan (1184).
On his father's side Isaac was a grandson of R. Simḥah of
Vitry, author of the Maḥzor Vitry; on his mother's side he was a nephew of R.
Tam, of Rashbam, and of Isaac b. Meïr (RiBaM), a great-grandson of Rashi, and a
relative of R. Eleazar of Worms. He was surnamed "ha-Zaḳen" (the elder) to
distinguish him from another tosafist of the same name, Isaac b. Abraham,
surnamed "ha-Baḥur" (the younger). He is often quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre
("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5; "Shibbole ha-Leḳeṭ" ii., No. 40), but
it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt, where his maternal grandfather resided
("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p. 162; "Maimuniyyot," l.c.). It was also at Ramerupt
that he studied under his uncle R. Tam (Luria, Responsa, No. 29); after the
latter had gone to Troyes, Isaac b. Samuel directed his school. Isaac settled at
Dampierre later, and founded there a flourishing and well-attended school ("Or
Zarua',"i. 126). It is said that he had sixty pupils, each of whom, besides
being generally well grounded in Talmud, knew an entire treatise by heart, so
that the whole Talmud was stored in the memories of his pupils (Menahem, "Ẓedah
la-Derek," Introduction). As he lived under Philip Augustus, at whose hands the
Jews suffered much, Isaac prohibited the buying of confiscated Jewish property,
and ordered that any so bought be restored to its original owner. A particular
interest attaches to one of his responsa, in which he relies on the oral
testimony of his aunt, the wife of R. Isaac b. Meïr, and on that of the wife of,
R. Eleazar of Worms, a great-granddaughter of Rashi ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p.
167a).
Isaac's tosafot completed the commentary of Rashi on the Talmud
(Romm of Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot
on Ḳiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the
preceding explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first collection was entitled
"Tosefot Yeshanim," which, however, was afterward revised and developed. He is
quoted on almost every page of the Tosafot, and in various works, especially in
the "Sefer ha-Terumah" of his pupil Baruch b. Isaac of Worms, and in the "Or
Zaṙua'" of Isaac b. Moses.
Isaac is mentioned as a Biblical commentator by Judah b. Eliezer
("Minḥat Yehudah," p. 8b), who quotes also a work of Isaac's entitled "Yalḳuṭe
Midrash" (ib. p. 22a); by Isaac ha-Levi; by Hezekiah b. Manoah in his
"Ḥazzeḳuni"; and in two other commentaries (see "Kerem Ḥemed," vii. 68). Isaac
b. Samuel is supposed to be the author also of several liturgical poems, of a
piyyuṭ to the Hafṭarah (Landshuth, "'Ammude ha-'Abodah," p. 108), and of a
piyyuṭ for Purim (Maḥzor Vitry, No. 255; comp. Luzzatto in Berliner's "Magazin,"
v. 27, Hebr. part). The authorship of these piyyuṭim may, however, belong to the
liturgical writer Isaac b. Samuel of Narbonne.
From the New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia, I find that Isaac, also known as Rabbi Isaac ha-Zaken who was born before 1115 and died after 1184 was a French tosaphist. He succeeded his uncle, Rabbenu Tam, as head of the Ramerupt yeshivah and later settled at Dampierre. His tosaphot (critical and explanatory notes on the Talmud by French and German scholars of the 12th to 14th centuries) are quoted by his pupils, while his responsa are scattered through many contemporary works.
His commentary on the Pentateuch has not survived. The tosaphots were initially supplementary to Rashi's Talmud commentary, which they frequently criticize and modify. The tosaphists soon developed a new independent mode of Talmud study. They also investigated in detail the form and content of the talmudic discussions and demonstrated that these too contained implicitly a considerable body of law which they proceeded to render explicit.
Isaac was interested in mysticism and was in touch with the kabbalists of southern France. His scholarly son, Elhanan, was martyred in his lifetime and died in 1184. .
From Andi: See below all the rabbis that studied under R. Isaac ben
Samuel of Dampierre, in Isaac's school.
Our Halpern ancestors wrote (I don't know where – in their
books I guess) that because life was so hard from 1200-1500, they didn't have a
family tree for that period. So maybe in the 1100's there were more Jews in
Europe than in the 1400's. I don't know.
Search for "isaac ben samuel of
dampierre" by :
SAMUEL
BEN JOSEPH OF VERDUN – ...French tosafist of the twelfth and thirteenth
centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of Dampierre, with
whom he corresponded, and is mentioned in the Tosafot, in "Or Zarua'," and in
...Haggạhot Maimuniyyot" as "ha-Baḥur" (the Younger). He is sometimes confounded
with Samuel ben Ḥayyim, likewise cited as "Samuel of
Verdun."Bibliography:
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DAMPIERRE
– ...debtors the seigneurs of Dampierre and the abbey of Saint-Loup of
Troyes.Rabbis: (1) Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, abbreviated , surnamed "the
Saint" (1120-95); (2) his ...Younger" to distinguish him from Isaac ben Samuel;
(5) Isaac haLaban ben Jacob.Bibliography; Brussel, Usage Général ...the Middle
Ages there was a somewhat important Jewish community in this village. King
Philippe-Auguste, after an agreement with the Countess of Champagne, and Gui,
Seigneur of Dampierre, in 1206, ordered the Jews...
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SOLOMON
BEN JUDAH OF DREUX – ...French tosafist and Bible commentator of the twelfth
and thirteenth centuries. He was a disciple of Isaac ben Samuel the Elder of
Dampierre, and presided over the school of Dreux during the first quarter of
...who corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, was most probably a son
of the subject of this article.Bibliography:
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DAVID
THE PIOUS – ...him with R. David ben Joseph, who, with Isaac ben Abraham of
Dampierre, Isaac ben David, and Joseph ben Moses, adopted the decisions of the
synod of Troyes which had met about 1160 under the auspices of Rabbenu
...Together with Solomon ben Judah the Saint, of Dreux, the two brothers Simson
and Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, Samson of Corbeil, Abraham of Touques, and
Eliezer ben Aaron of Burgundy, he was among those scholars of ...Tam. Samuel of
Falaise (Sir Morel) probably referred to David the Pious when he spoke of as
being a contemporary of Sir Léon of Paris ("Rev. Et. Juives," vii. 47...
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NATHANAEL
OF CHINON – ...French tosafist; flourished about 1220. He was a disciple of
Isaac ben Samuel of Dampierre. After 1224 Nathanael was director of the yeshibah
in Chinon and was in correspondence with the most famous and ...learned of his
contemporaries, including Samuel ben Sheneor of Evreux, Isaac of Evreux (author
of "Sha'are Dura"), Jehiel of Paris, and Isaac ben Todros. The last, in answer
to Nathanael of Chinon's request for his ...opinion concerning a question at
issue between himself and Jehiel, wrote that he dared not speak in the presence
of the "pillars of the world." Nathanael wrote tosafot to the treatises Beẓah,
Ḥullin, Berakot, and...
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ELIEZER
BEN SAMUEL OF VERONA – ...Italian tosafist; lived about the beginning of the
thirteenth century. He was a disciple of Rabbi Isaac the elder, of Dampierre,
and grandfather of the philosopher and physician Hillel of Forli. He had
...resulted, into which other rabbis were drawn. Eliezer ben Samuel is often
quoted on Biblical and halakic questions. Mordecai, in speaking of Eliezer,
calls him "Eliezer of Verdun," though undoubtedly meaning "Verona ...sanctioned
the second marriage of a young woman whose husband had probably, though not
certainly, perished by shipwreck. But Eliezer ben Joel ha-Levi refused to
indorse the permission, and a protracted controversy...
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ISAAC
BEN SAMUEL HA-ZAḲEN – ...says that as Isaac b. Samuel was spoken of as "the
sainted master" ("Sefer ha-Terumah," §§ 131, 161; Tos., Zeb. 12b, 59b), a term
generally given to martyrs, he may have been killed at the same time as his son
...quoted as R. Isaac of Dampierre ("Maimuniyyot," Ma'akalot Asurot, No. 5;
"Shibbole ha-Leḳeṭ" ii., No. 40), but it seems that he lived first at Ramerupt,
where his maternal grandfather resided ("Sefer ha-Nayyar," p ...Talmud (Romm of
Wilna included in his edition of the Talmud Isaac ben Samuel's tosafot on
Ḳiddushin). He also compiled and edited with great erudition all the preceding
explanations to Rashi's commentary. His first...
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ABRAHAM
OF TROYES – ...incident. Eleazar ha-Nadib (the word nadib denotes a Jewish
Mæcenas), against whom he had brought an action, demurred to appearing before
the rabbinical court at Troyes; and, being supported by Isaac ben Samuel ...of
Dampierre, had his case referred to another tribunal (Gross, "Gallia Judaica,"
pp. 165, 239). YomṬob ha-Nadib, the son of Eleazar, being placed in a similar
position, also refused to be judged at Troyes, and ...was sustained in his
contention by Judah Sire Leon of Paris ("Rev. Ét. Juives," vii. 42). At the same
time Simson ben Abraham of Sens took the part of the son-in-law of Simson of
Troyes, who, being afraid of the...
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JONATHAN
BEN DAVID HA-KOHEN OF LUNEL – ...went with Tobiah and Samuel ben Simson, he
corresponded with Isaac ben Abraham of Dampierre, who had sent him a Talmudic
responsum on a subject concerning the Holy Land.<="" of="" ben="" his="" the=""
on="" he...="" whither="" palestine,="" for="" departure="" before="" shortly=""
1210,="" about="" alfasi.="" by="" work="" commentary="" author="" is=""
jonathan="" hebrew.="" into="" translated="" tibbon="" ibn="" samuel="" which=""
nebukim,"="" "moreh="" lunel="" to="" ...sent="" maimonides="" instance=""
jonathan's="" at="" and="" (rabad),="" posquières="" david="" abraham=""
attacks="" severe="" against="" defended="" he="" centuries.="" thirteenth=""
twelfth="" in="" flourished="" philosopher;="" ...french="">
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BARUCH
B. ISAAC (ha-Kohen ?) – ...Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre, Baruch wrote
Tosafot to several treatises (e.g., Ḳiddushin, Nazir, Shabbat, Ḥullin); nearly
all those extant on the order Zebaḥim are his. A. Epstein believes that the
...Tosafist and codifier; flourished about 1200. He was born at Worms, but lived
at Regensburg; hence he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after
the other city. A pupil of the great Tosafist ...commentary on the Sifra
contained in the Munich MS. No. 59 is the work of this Baruch. He is the author
also of the legal compendium, "Sefer ha-Terumah" (Book of the Heave-Offering,
Venice, 1523; Zolkiev, 1811...
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JUDAH
BEN ISAAC – ...French tosafist; born in Paris 1166; died there 1224 (Solomon
Luria, Responsa, No. 29). According to Gross he was probably a descendant of
Rashi, and a pupil of Isaac b. Samuel of Dampierre and his son ...associated
with Abraham occurs the name of Leo Blund, whom Jacobs identifies with Judah ben
Isaac (ib. p. 88; comp. Bacher, in "J. Q. R." vi. 360).Sir Leon must have left
Paris in 1182 ...when all Jews were expelled from the French king's dominions;
he did not return till 1198. According to Gross, however, he received his chief
training at Dampierre under Simson of Sens, Simson of Coucy, Solomon of...
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SAMSON
BEN ABRAHAM OF SENS – ...school of Rabbi Isaac ben Samuel ha-Zaḳen of
Dampierre, after whose death he took charge of the school of Sens. Asheri says
of him that after R. Tam and Isaac ben Samuel he exercised the greatest
influence upon ...the Younger to distinguish him from his teacher Isaac the
Elder (Isaac ben Samuel), whom he succeeded as principal of the school of
Dampierre, is also one of the prominent tosafists. He wrote, too, some
...Talmudical studies in France and in Germany during the thirteenth century.
Joseph Colon declares that Isaac ben Samuel, Judah Sir Leon of Paris, and Samson
ben Abraham formed the three strong pillars of the northern...
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SAMSON
BEN SAMSON – ...Museum.)Samson was a disciple of Isaac'ben Samuel the Elder
of Dampierre and one of the prominent rabbis to whom Meïr ben Todros Abulafia
addressed his letter of protest against Maimonides ...Isaac ben Moses of Vienna,
with whom Samson corresponded, was one of his pupils. Many of Samson's ritual
decisions are mentioned in the rabbinical works "Or Zarua'," "SeMaG," "Orḥot
Ḥayyim," and "Pisḳe Reḳanati ...commentator. Samson was a descendant of Joseph
b. Samuel Bonfils, a nephew of the tosafist Judah of Corbeil, and a
brother-in-law of Moses of Coucy, who in "SeMaG" often quotes him. In the
glosses of Perez on "SeMaG...
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TOUL –
...mentioned R. Eliezer of Toul, the author of tosafot; and his brother Abraham,
a pupil of Rabbi Isaac the Elder of Dampierre and identical, according to Gross,
with Abraham of V12p211002.jpg
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CHÂTEAU-THIERRY
– ...also ascribed to him (Zunz, "Z. G." p. 38). Zunz (l.c.) says that Samuel
was the son of R. Yom-Ṭob of Evreux and the disciple of R. Isaac b. Abraham of
Dampierre. Gross ("Gallia Judaica," p. 39), on the ...contrary, identifies him
with R. Samuel ben Shneor, the correspondent of R. Jehiel of Paris, and
Nathaniel, the elder, of Chinon.R. Isaac and his son Bonne Vie are two scholars
of this place only known through ...the Pious, one of the celebrated French
rabbis to whom R. Meïr ben Todros Abulafia of Toledo addressed, about 1204, his
letter against the theory of the resurrection as propounded by Maimonides.Samuel
of...
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ABRAHAM
BEN NATHAN – ...abraham-ben-david-of-posquieres">see Abraham ben David of
Posquières). His regular rabbinical studies, however, were pursued at Dampierre,
in northern France, at the academy of R. Isaac ben Samuel, called R
...epistolary conclusion: "Shalom! A. B. N." (Greeting! Abraham ben Nathan). The
second part contains extracts from the halakic works of Alfasi, Isaac ibn Giat,
and Isaac ben Abba Mari, a relative of Abraham's.The ...French author; born in
the second half of the twelfth century, probably at Lunel, Languedoc. He
received his education in that town, after which he is sometimes called ("RABN"
= Rabbi Abraham ben Nathan—R...
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RASHI
(SOLOMON BAR ISAAC) – ...at Worms for a time, his first teacher being Jacob
b. Yaḳar, of whom he speaks with great veneration. After Jacob's death his place
was successively filled by Isaac ben Eleazar ha-Levi, or Segan Lewiyah, and by
...name of Yarḥi, applied to him as early as the sixteenth century, originated
in a confusion of Solomon bar Isaac with one Solomon de Lunel, and a further
error caused the town of Lunel to be regarded as Rashi's ...Rashi's relative
Isaac b. Judah, the head of the school of Mayence, a school rendered illustrious
through R. Gershom b. Judah (the "Light of the Exile"), who may be regarded as
Rashi's precursor, although he was...
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TOSAFOT
– ...Samuel ha-Zaḳen (RI) of Dampierre, whose tosafot form a part of the Tosafot
Yeshanim (see below). Isaac was succeeded by his pupil
ben-abraham-of-sens">Samson ben ...No. 6). After the death of Isaac ben
Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre,
after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua'," i. 225a). Isaac ben Abraham
was one of the ...tosafot (for example, those to Ḳiddushin by Isaac b. Samuel
ha-Zaḳen of Dampierre, and those to 'Abodah Zarah by his son Elhanan b. Isaac);
(3) a collection of old tosafot published by Joseph Jessel b. Wolf ha-Levi...
.jpg%2B%2B3rd%2BCrusade.jpg)
The Rabbi of Worms was Eleazar Ben Judah (1160-1238), a native of Mainz, Germany and from 1201, he was rabbi at Worms. His wife and 2 daughters were slaughtered by Crusaders before his eyes in 1196. His works made the Ashkenazi theory of practical kabbalah popular which stressed the doctrine of repentance. His ethical teachings were embodied in his code, Sepher ha-Rokeah (The Book of the Spice Dealer). Then he was known as Eleazar Rokeah.
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Bibliography:
- Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, i.;
- Michael, Or haḤayyim, pp. 511-513;
- Weiss, Dor, iv. 286, 342, 349;
- Grätz, Gesch. 3d ed., vi. 210, 211, 214;
- Gross, Gallia Judaica, pp. 161-168, 638;
- idem, in R. E. J. vii. 76;
- Neubauer, ib. xvii. 67;
- Zunz, Z. G. p. 33, passim.
- Resource:
Labels: 350 ancestors, Ashkenazis, bottleneck, France, Germany, Isaac ben Samuel Ha-Zaken, Rabbi of Dampierre, Rabbi of Worms
